我们日常使用的电能，都是从远方通过输电线路输送过来的，由于输电线路很长，这其中会受到雷击的影响，因此引起的输电掉闸事故，也在日趋增加，严重影响到了电气设备，以及人们的正常生产生活。
科技的不断进步，带来的是更多的便利和安全，在线路防雷方面，国外广泛的采用线路型合成绝缘氧化锌避雷器，我国在防雷上也在不断的进步和创新，现如今避雷器已经广泛的应用在了电力部门。在输电线路中，目前常用的避雷器有这么几种：氧化锌避雷器、阀型避雷器、管型避雷器以及在低压中使用的低压氧化锌避雷器。
氧化锌避雷器里的阀片在正常电压的情况下，电阻是非常高的，只有极少的漏电流，而线路受到雷击的情况下，阀片会瞬间变成很低的电阻，这就使得线路直接和大地连接，是雷击产生的电流流入大地，当雷击过后，这是阀片又会恢复到之前的绝缘状态。
氧化锌避雷器阀片的单位体积可以吸收更多的能量，而且还可以并联使用，因此在保护超高压输电线路中以及大容量的电容器组时，都是很好的过电压保护元件，氧化锌避雷器的非线性伏安特性非常的好，不存在灭弧问题以及间隙击穿特性。
输电线路中避雷器的基本原理：在不加装避雷器的情况下，要提高耐雷击的水平，只能是降低塔体与大地的电阻值，在平原是比较容易实现的，在山区就比较困难，因此电力线路时常会受到雷击。加装避雷器后，线路在受到雷击时，如果雷击电流超过了一定值，这时避雷器就会动作释放过电压产生的电流。因为避雷器有钳点位(可自行百度)的作用，因此对于接地阻值要求就没有那么高了，这在山区是比较合适的，加装避雷器后线路防雷水平会有很大的提高，但是避雷器在使用之前，一定要对避雷器的所有参数进行测量并试验，这样才能保证避雷器可靠运行。
对避雷器的检测有这么几点：绝缘电阻值、直流和泄露电流值、正常运行电压下的交流泄露电流值等
在线路上安装避雷器，也要按规范安装，安装时不能让避雷器受力，还要保证有一定的安全距离，避雷器的地线是一定要单独敷设的，而且截面积要在25平方以上，条件允许的情况下，尽可能的使接地电阻值越小越好。投入使用后，也要定期的对避雷器进行维护，可以参考一些避雷器的检测标准进行。
河南博泰电力工程有限公司作为河南专业的电力安装公司，以“诚信高效、团结进取、品质优良、售后完善”的经营理念，为顾客打造优质的工程，最大限度满足客户需求。
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